Biography
Nikolai Nikolayevich Karetnikov (Russian: Николáй Николáeвич Карéтников; 28 June 1930 in Moscow – 9 October 1994 in Moscow) was a Russian composer of the so-called Underground – alternative or nonconformist group in Soviet music. Karetnikov studied at the Central Musical School (1942–1948) and the Moscow Conservatory (1948–1953) where his teachers were Vissarion Shebalin (composition), Tatiana Nikolayeva (piano), Igor Sposobin and Viktor Tsukkerman (theory). He also studied privately with Philip Herschkowitz, a pupil of Berg and Webern. He was influenced by music of the New Viennese school and was a firm supporter of twelve-tone technique. His ballets Vanina Vannini and The Geologists were performed at the Bolshoi Theatre with choreography by Natalia Kasatkina and Vladimir Vasiliev. However, the authorities found the music unacceptable. It was criticized, and then banned from the performances in the Soviet Union for decades.
His Symphony No. 4 (1963) received its first performance in 1968 in Prague, just before the Soviet army invasion to suppress the Prague Spring. His third ballet Little Zaches Called Zinnober was performed at the Hanover Opera House (1971) in the composer's absence, because he was not given permission to travel abroad. His main activity at that time was writing incidental music for theatre, film and television.
He continued to compose and publish his serious works in secrecy. He wrote two large scale operas Till Eulenspiegel (1965–1985) and The Mystery of Apostle Paul, (1970–1987). Having no opportunity to perform these works in public, he persuaded the Moscow Cinema Orchestra to make the recording for him privately, section by section over the years. When the tape was ready, the vocal parts were added. This was, perhaps, the only examples of a samizdat (underground) opera. Finally, Till Eulenspiegel was premiered by the Bielefeld Opera in Germany conducted by Geoffrey Moull in 1993, and The Mystery of Apostle Paul was premiered in concert on August 4, 1995, Hanover after the composer's death.
Karetnikov was also the author of a collection of autobiographical stories called Темы с вариациями (Themes with Variations), published in Russia in 1990 (A French translation was published in the same year by Editions Horay).
Filmography
all 37
Movies 37
Little Devil (1995)
Infinity (1993)
Made in USSR (1991)
The law (1990)
Own Cross (1989)
Help Me, Bros! (1988)
Брод (1988)
Solovky Power (1988)
Farewell, punks of Zamoskvorechye... (1987)
To proceed with the investigation. Movie 2: Slander (1986)
Proceed to the investigation. Film 1: Version (1986)
Tevye the Milkman (1985)
My Sister Lucy (1985)
The Fault of Leutenant Nekrasov (1985)
Среди тысячи дорог (1984)
Blue Tit's Calendar (1983)
The Voice (1982)
Верой и правдой (1979)
Peer Gynt (1979)
The Boys (1978)
The Legend of Till (1977)
Sadko the Rich (1975)
Girl without dowry (1974)
The Travels of Chichikov: Manilov (1974)
The End of the Lyubavines (1972)
The Flight (1971)
Светлая речка Вздвиженка (1971)
Adolescence (1968)
Russian Pioneers (1967)
Touches on the V. I. Lenin's Portrait (1967)
The Ugly Story (1966)
Our House (1965)
Daughter of Strution (1965)
Конец и начало (1963)
The Coin (1962)
Peace to Him Who Enters (1961)
The Wind (1959)
Ratings
Information
Known ForSound
GenderMale
Birthday1930-06-28
Deathday1994-10-09 (64 years old)
Birth PlaceMoscow, Russia
CitizenshipsRussia, Soviet Union
Also Known AsНиколай Каретников, Nikolai Karetnikov
AwardsHonored Artist of the Russian Federation
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