In the thirties, the modern industrial technologies applied to wars create a new situation: the mass destruction and indiscriminate instant, affecting both civilians and combatants. Barcelona was the first city bombed from the air, after the tragic bombing of Gernika. Between 16 and 18 March 1938, Barcelona was bombarded continuously day and night for three days, thousands of people lost their homes and in 1300 died (including 118 children). Events beyond the specific case of Barcelona, were decisive in establishing the foundations of the fateful World War II and the bombing of Dresden, Cologne, London, Hiroshima, Nagasaki ..