Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson (Russian: Шерлок Холмс и доктор Ватсон) is a 1979 Soviet film adaptation of Arthur Conan Doyle's novels about Sherlock Holmes. Directed by Igor Maslennikov, it is the first of a 5-part TV film series (divided into 11 episodes) The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson. The film is divided into two episodes: "The Acquaintance" (Знакомство, based on the 1892 short story "The Adventure of the Speckled Band") and "Bloody Inscription" (Кровавая надпись, based on the 1887 novel A Study in Scarlet).

The movies are made close to the plot of the books, but have some notable, and sometimes quite humorous differences, e.g. Dr. Watson within first weeks of living in Baker Street was trying to figure out what was Holmes profession. Upon witnessing Holmes dressed in disguise, seeing some strange visitors, Watson comes to a conclusion that Holmes is a criminal mastermind.