The 2009 Extreme Rules was the inaugural Extreme Rules professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was held for wrestlers from the promotion's Raw, SmackDown, and ECW brand divisions. The event took place on June 7, 2009, at the New Orleans Arena in New Orleans, Louisiana. The event was initially noted by WWE to be a direct continuation of the One Night Stand chronology and continued its theme of featuring various hardcore-based matches; in 2010, however, WWE noted that Extreme Rules was its own chronology of events separate from One Night Stand.

There were eight matches scheduled on the event's card, though nine actually took place, and there was one dark match that occurred before the live broadcast. Six of the televised matches were contested under a hardcore stipulation. The main event was a Ladder match for SmackDown's World Heavyweight Championship, which saw Jeff Hardy defeat Edge to win the title. After the match, CM Punk cashed in his Money in the Bank contract, which guaranteed him a title match at the time and place of his choosing, and defeated Hardy to win the title. There were also two other highly publicized matches; the first was a Steel Cage match for Raw's WWE Championship between the champion Randy Orton and Batista, as well as a submission match between Big Show and John Cena. Featured matches on the undercard included a triple threat Hardcore match for the ECW Championship, a No Holds Barred match between Rey Mysterio and Chris Jericho for SmackDown's Intercontinental Championship, and CM Punk versus Umaga in a Samoan Strap match.

The event had 213,000 buys, up from the One Night Stand 2008 figure of 194,000 buys.