The 2001 Royal Rumble was the 14th annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE). It took place on January 21, 2001, at the New Orleans Arena in New Orleans, Louisiana. Six matches were contested, including one match for the Sunday Night Heat pre-show.

As has been customary since 1993, the Royal Rumble match winner received a world championship match at that year's WrestleMania. For the 2001 event, the winner received a match for the WWF Championship at WrestleMania X-Seven. The main event was the 2001 Royal Rumble match, which Stone Cold Steve Austin won by last eliminating Kane, which was his third Rumble win, and is so far the only wrestler to win the Royal Rumble match three times. The match also included comedian Drew Carey as a participant. On the undercard, Kurt Angle retained the WWF Championship against Triple H, and Chris Jericho defeated Chris Benoit in a ladder match to win the WWF Intercontinental Championship.